Talking points
- This is Europe’s biggest monkeypox outbreak on record
- The UK says it is mostly spreading between men who have sex with men, but anyone in close contact is at risk
- Scientists are racing to understand what is driving this outbreak outside Africa, with WHO experts to meet this week
London: British health officials will start offering vaccines to some men who have sex with men and are at the highest risk of catching monkeypox, in an effort to curb the biggest outbreak of the disease ever seen beyond Africa.
Doctors can consider vaccination for some men at the highest risk of exposure, Britain’s Health Security agency said in a statement overnight. The agency identified those at highest risk as men who have sex with men and who have multiple partners, participate in group sex or attend venues where sex occurs on the premises.
Monkeypox samples rest in a fridge at the microbiology laboratory of La Paz Hospital in Madrid, Spain, on June 6.Credit:Getty Images
“By expanding the vaccine offer to those at higher risk, we hope to break chains of transmission and help contain the outbreak,” said the Health Security Agency’s head of immunisation, Dr. Mary Ramsay.
Last month, a leading adviser to the World Health Organisation said that the monkeypox outbreak beyond Africa was likely spread by sexual activity by men at raves in Spain and Belgium.
The virus does not easily spread between people and is not currently defined as a sexually transmitted infection. But it does spread through close contact, including during sex. Scientists are now racing to understand what is driving this new outbreak beyond Africa and whether anything about the virus has changed.
In Britain, vaccines have previously been available only for health workers taking care of monkeypox patients or for cleaners disinfecting areas contaminated by the virus. The vaccine was originally developed for smallpox, a related disease, but is thought to be about 85 per cent effective against monkeypox.
A person’s eligibility will depend on a plethora of factors but will be similar to the criteria used to assess those eligible for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) – preventative medicine taken by people at risk for HIV, the UK’s health agency said.
To date, more than 99 per cent of monkeypox cases in Britain are among men, and the majority of those are in men who are gay, bisexual or who have sex with men. Scientists warn that anyone who is in close, physical contact with someone infected with monkeypox or their clothing or bedsheets is at risk of the disease, regardless of their sexual orientation.
There are currently 793 monkeypox cases in the UK, out of more than 2100 cases in 42 countries globally, including Australia, the US and Canada. No deaths beyond Africa have been reported.
Until last month, monkeypox had only caused sizeable outbreaks in central and west Africa; the continent has so far reported more than 1500 cases and 72 suspected deaths in a separate epidemic. Vaccines have never been used in Africa to control monkeypox.
Last week, World Health Organisation Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus described the continued spread of monkeypox in countries that haven’t previously seen the disease as “unusual and concerning.”
Tedros is convening an expert meeting Thursday to decide if the expanding monkeypox outbreak warrants being declared a global emergency. That would give it the same designation as the COVID-19 pandemic and the ongoing effort to eradicate polio.
AP/Reuters
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